Error Correcting Code (ECC) RAM improves data reliability in workstations and servers by detecting and correcting single-bit errors, preventing data corruption.

ECC memory adds 8 extra bits for every 64-bit word, resulting in a 72-bit data bus, enabling error detection and correction mechanisms.

Registered DIMMs (RDIMMs) incorporate a register between the memory module and memory controller, reducing electrical load and improving stability in high-capacity systems.

UDIMMs (Unbuffered DIMMs) lack this register, offering lower latency but less stability at large memory scales.

ECC memory can correct single-bit errors and detect (but not correct) multi-bit errors (2-bit, 3-bit, or 4-bit errors), where the system generates an error message and halts operation.

ECC operates using Hamming code or cyclic redundancy check (CRC) algorithms, depending on implementation.

Most server-grade motherboards support either UDIMMs or RDIMMs, but not both, and ECC functionality requires both the motherboard and CPU to support it.

Mixing ECC and non-ECC memory modules, or RDIMMs and UDIMMs, typically results in a system failure to boot.

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