SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

SMTP is the standard protocol for sending emails. It governs how messages are transmitted from the sender’s email client to the recipient’s email server. SMTP operates as a “push” protocol, meaning it pushes emails from the sender’s device to the server and between servers during mail relaying.

SMTP uses commands like HELO/EHLO, MAIL FROM, and RCPT TO to establish communication between the client and server. It ensures that emails are delivered efficiently and securely, often using encryption methods like STARTTLS for added security2.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3)

POP3 is designed for retrieving emails from a server to a local device. It downloads all messages from the server and stores them locally, allowing users to access their emails offline.

Once downloaded, the emails are typically deleted from the server unless configured otherwise. POP3 is ideal for users who prefer to manage their emails on a single device and don’t need real-time synchronization across multiple devices2.

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

IMAP is a more advanced protocol for accessing and managing emails directly on the server. Unlike POP3, IMAP allows users to view and organize their emails without downloading them, making it perfect for real-time synchronization across multiple devices.

IMAP supports features like folder management, email flagging, and selective fetching of email attributes. It ensures that changes made on one device are reflected across all devices connected to the same email account.

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