Static IP addressing and DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) are two distinct methods of assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. Static IPs are manually configured by a technician and remain fixed, ensuring consistent identification—ideal for servers, printers, and devices requiring predictable access.

However, they require manual configuration and can lead to IP conflicts if not properly managed. DHCP, on the other hand, automatically assigns IP addresses from a predefined pool, simplifying network management and reducing errors, especially in dynamic environments with many devices.

DHCP offers greater scalability and is widely used in home and enterprise networks.

However, static IPs offer more control and reliability for critical systems. DHCP uses UDP ports 67 (server) and 68 (client), and if unavailable, devices may fall back to APIPA addresses (169.254.x.x). The CompTIA A+ Core 1 exam emphasizes knowing when to apply static vs. dynamic IPs based on security, accessibility, and network structure.

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