To set up logical volume management in Linux, the first step is creating a physical volume (PV).

A physical volume is typically a disk partition (like /dev/sdb1) that is initialized for use by the Logical Volume Manager.

This is done using the pvcreate command, which prepares the partition to be added into a volume group.

After initializing the PV, you can verify it with pvdisplay to ensure the system recognizes it as an LVM-compatible storage unit.

The physical volume serves as the foundational layer for creating flexible and scalable storage setups.

Once a physical volume is prepared, the next step is to create a volume group (VG).

A volume group is a storage pool made from one or more physical volumes.

Using the command vgcreate my_vg /dev/sdb1, a volume group named my_vg is created using the initialized physical volume.

Volume groups can be expanded later by adding more physical volumes with vgextend, which allows the storage pool to grow dynamically.

This abstraction enables system administrators to manage storage more flexibly, especially in environments where disk usage fluctuates or evolves over time.

With a volume group in place, a logical volume (LV) can now be created. Logical volumes are the usable partitions carved from the space within a volume group.

The command lvcreate -L 10G -n my_lv my_vg creates a 10GB logical volume named my_lv from the my_vg volume group.

Logical volumes can be formatted using file systems like ext4 or xfs, then mounted and used like traditional partitions.

Their size can be expanded or reduced as needed, making them ideal for systems requiring flexible storage management.

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