Fiber optic splicing is a precision technique used to connect two optical fibers end-to-end, allowing light signals to pass through with minimal loss and reflection.

This process is fundamental in building, repairing, and extending fiber optic networks, especially in long-haul telecommunications, data centers, and FTTH installations. The most common method is fusion splicing, which uses an electric arc to melt and fuse the glass cores of the fibers together.

This produces a highly reliable joint with low insertion loss and high mechanical strength. Before fusion, the fibers must be stripped of their protective coatings, carefully cleaned, and cleaved to create flat, perpendicular endfaces.

An alternative method is mechanical splicing, where fibers are aligned and held in place within a sleeve using index-matching gel. While faster and less expensive, mechanical splices typically have higher loss and are less durable.

After splicing, technicians often use an OTDR or insertion loss tester to verify the quality of the connection. Proper splicing ensures the continuity and performance of optical networks, making it a critical skill in fiber optic installation and maintenance.

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