Port flapping is a network condition where a switch or router interface continuously transitions between an active (up) and inactive (down) state.

This repetitive toggling disrupts link stability and can trigger frequent topology recalculations in protocols like STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), leading to packet loss, latency, and degraded performance across the network.

Common causes include faulty cables, loose connectors, mismatched duplex settings, electromagnetic interference, or firmware bugs.

Port flapping is typically detected through system logs or interface monitoring tools, and resolving it requires isolating the physical or configuration fault responsible for the instability.

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