A Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) is a diagnostic instrument used to detect faults, breaks, and impedance mismatches in coaxial cables by sending a signal pulse down the line and analyzing the reflections that return.

When the pulse encounters a change in impedance—such as a splice, open, short, or damaged section—it reflects back to the TDR, which measures the time delay and amplitude of the reflection to determine the location and nature of the anomaly.

TDRs are commonly used in telecommunications, coaxial cable testing, and structured cabling environments to identify issues like corrosion, moisture ingress, or physical damage without needing to visually inspect the entire cable run.

The resulting data is often displayed as a waveform or trace, allowing technicians to interpret cable conditions and pinpoint faults with high precision.

Much like an OTDR used for fiber optics, the TDR is essential for maintaining copper-based infrastructure and minimizing unnecessary excavation or replacement.

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