Tech Docs
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Electrical switches are categorized in various ways, often based on their construction, actuation method, and function within a circuit. A common classification uses the Pole and Throw configuration: the Single Pole, Single Throw (SPST) is the simplest ON/OFF switch, controlling one circuit from one location, like a standard light switch. The Single Pole, Double Throw…
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An optical power meter is a precision instrument used in fiber optic networks to quantify the optical signal power transmitted through a fiber. It operates by converting incoming light—usually in the infrared range—into an electrical signal using a calibrated photodetector, then displaying the power level in decibel-milliwatts (dBm) or milliwatts (mW). This measurement is critical…
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Fiber optic splicing is a precision technique used to connect two optical fibers end-to-end, allowing light signals to pass through with minimal loss and reflection. This process is fundamental in building, repairing, and extending fiber optic networks, especially in long-haul telecommunications, data centers, and FTTH installations. The most common method is fusion splicing, which uses…
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OTDR, or Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, operates by injecting a series of short laser pulses into one end of an optical fiber and measuring the light that is scattered or reflected back from points along the fiber. This backscattered light—primarily due to Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflections—is captured by a photodetector within the OTDR, and…
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Cleaving fiber is a controlled mechanical process used to prepare optical fibers for splicing or termination by creating a clean, flat break at the end of the fiber. The goal is to produce an end face that is perpendicular to the fiber’s axis with minimal surface defects, which is critical for achieving low insertion loss…
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The most commonly known fiber connectors among fiber optic technicians are SC, LC, ST, FC, and MPO. Each has distinct physical characteristics and use cases, with SC and LC dominating modern deployments. SC (Subscriber Connector)The SC connector is a square-shaped, push-pull style fiber optic connector with a 2.5 mm ferrule. It’s widely used in telecom…
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A splice-on connector is a type of fiber optic connector that allows technicians to fusion splice a pre-polished fiber stub housed within the connector body directly to a field fiber, combining the precision and low-loss performance of factory-terminated connectors with the flexibility of on-site installation. Splice-on connectors are ideal for high-performance environments where mechanical splicing…
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Fusion splicing is the process of permanently joining two optical fibers end-to-end by fusing them together using an electric arc. The goal is to align the fiber cores precisely and create a continuous optical path that minimizes signal loss and reflection. When properly done, the joint is almost as strong as the original fiber and…
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An OTDR, or Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, is a diagnostic instrument used to analyze the integrity and performance of fiber optic cables. It works by launching a series of high-speed optical pulses into the fiber and measuring the light that is scattered or reflected back due to imperfections, splices, connectors, or breaks. By calculating the…
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Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a dedicated chip embedded on a computer’s motherboard, designed to secure hardware through integrated cryptographic keys. It stores sensitive information such as encryption keys, digital certificates, and passwords in a tamper-resistant environment. TPM is commonly used for: BitLocker drive encryption Secure Boot validation Windows Hello biometric authentication Digital Rights Management…
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A thermal printer uses heat to transfer images onto paper. It comes in two types: No ink or ribbon needed. Uses heat-sensitive paper that blackens when heated. Common in receipts and shipping labels. Uses a heated ribbon to transfer wax or resin onto media. Durable prints ideal for barcode labels and inventory tags. Consumables and…
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Every desktop computer relies on a Power Supply Unit (PSU) to convert wall electricity into usable voltage levels that safely power internal components. The PSU takes in AC (Alternating Current) and outputs DC (Direct Current) in multiple voltages—typically +12V, +5V, and +3.3V—distributed to the motherboard, CPU, storage devices, and GPU. Without proper power regulation, even…
