Which Bitcoin ASIC delivers the most hashrate for its physical size? We compared seven Bitmain SHA-256 miners using published, unpackaged chassis dimensions. The measure is TH/s per liter (TH/L), not weight or energy efficiency.
- S23 XP Hyd. — 40.07 TH/L. 600 TH/s; 409 × 176 × 208 mm; 14.97 liters.
- S23 Hyd. — 39.82 TH/L. 580 TH/s; 410 × 170 × 209 mm; 14.57 liters.
- S21 XP Hyd. — 38.96 TH/L. 473 TH/s; 339 × 173 × 207 mm; 12.14 liters.
- S21e XP Hyd. — 35.42 TH/L. 430 TH/s; 339 × 173 × 207 mm; 12.14 liters.
- S23e U2H — 34.74 TH/L. 865 TH/s; 600 × 482.6 × 86 mm; 24.90 liters.
- S21j XP Hyd. — 33.98 TH/L. 495 TH/s; 410 × 170 × 209 mm; 14.57 liters.
- S21+ Hyd. — 29.49 TH/L. 358 TH/s; 339 × 173 × 207 mm; 12.14 liters.
The calculation is straightforward: TH/L = TH/s ÷ (length × width × height in millimeters ÷ 1,000,000). For example, the S23 XP Hyd. has a 409 × 176 × 208 mm chassis, about 14.97 liters. Its 600 TH/s divided by 14.97 L yields 40.07 TH/L.
A closer look at the Antminer S21 XP Hydro chassis.
These are seven selected models with identifiable published dimensions, not a claim that every Bitcoin miner worldwide has been evaluated. All seven use liquid cooling, and their external pumps, heat exchangers, coolant lines, racks and service clearances are excluded. This measures only the rectangular chassis envelope.
For a different physical comparison, see seven miners ranked by hashrate per kilogram. Our hashrate explainer defines TH/s, and the S23 Hyd. 3U coverage explains why larger rack-mount miners also deserve separate comparisons.
Bitcoin mining community discussionhttps://embed.reddit.com/widgets.js
Bitcoin mining community discussion and teardown of an S21-family miner.
Editor’s Note: Ratios are calculated from manufacturer nominal hashrate and external chassis dimensions, rounded to two decimal places. Model revisions can change specifications. The S21j XP Hyd. dimensions were cross-checked against a secondary hardware listing; other dimensions are drawn from BITMAIN product pages or manuals.
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